to be 动词的否定形式怎么构成
用 to be 表示否定,就是加上一个词 not,并且永远放在同一个位置:紧跟在 am、is 或 are 后面。句子的其他部分保持不变。
主语 + am / is / are + not + 补语
与形容词
I'm not tired.
我不累。
与地点
She isn't at home.
她不在家。
与名词
They aren't doctors.
他们不是医生。
与年龄
He isn't eighteen.
他不是十八岁。
否定时,am、is 和 are 的选择不变。如果还有疑问,先复习to be 动词的一般现在时.
to be 动词否定形式表
每个人称的完整形式和缩写。I 只有一种:I'm not。
| 主语 | 完整形式 | 带 not 的缩写 | 带 's / 're 的缩写 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | I am not | I'm not | — | I'm not hungry. |
| you | You are not | You aren't | You're not | You aren't late. |
| he | He is not | He isn't | He's not | He isn't my brother. |
| she | She is not | She isn't | She's not | She's not at work. |
| it | It is not | It isn't | It's not | It isn't expensive. |
| we | We are not | We aren't | We're not | We aren't ready. |
| they | They are not | They aren't | They're not | They're not here. |
Isn't 还是 's not:意思相同的两种缩写
除了 I 以外,否定可以用两种方式缩写:把 not 与动词合并(isn't、aren't),或把动词与主语合并('s not、're not)。两者都正确,意思完全相同。
Isn't 和 aren't
书面语中最常见,与非代词主语搭配最自然。
My car isn't new.
我的车不是新的。
's not 和 're not
口语中与代词搭配非常常见。稍微加强否定语气。
It's not fair!
这不公平!
绝不同时用两种
不能缩写两次:She'sn't 不存在。
She's not o She isn't.
选一种。
这些只是 to be 动词的缩写。在否定缩写课程中,你还能找到 don't、can't、won't 和其他缩写。
否定的简短回答
用 to be 回答“不”时,不需要重复整句:主语、动词和 not 就够了。否定回答通常使用缩写。
| 问句 | 否定回答 | 肯定回答 |
|---|---|---|
| Are you hungry? | No, I'm not. | Yes, I am. |
| Is she your sister? | No, she isn't.No, she's not. | Yes, she is. |
| Is it far? | No, it isn't. | Yes, it is. |
| Are they ready? | No, they aren't.No, they're not. | Yes, they are. |
肯定回答不缩写:说 Yes, I am,绝不说 Yes, I'm。想同时掌握疑问句,请继续学习to be 动词的疑问句.
为什么 to be 动词不用 don't
这是英语学习者的头号错误,因为几乎所有动词的否定都需要 don't 或 doesn't。to be 动词是例外:它自己就能构成否定。
| to be 动词 | 其他动词 | |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定 | She is tired. | She works here. |
| 否定 | She isn't tired. | She doesn't work here. |
| 错误说法 | She doesn't be tired. | She not works here. |
只有在祈使句中才出现 don't be:Don't be late(别迟到),Don't be shy(别害羞)。那是祈使语气,不是一般现在时。
to be 动词的 20 个否定句
按表达内容分组,让你看到结构不变。
身份和职业
- I'm not a student.我不是学生。
- She isn't my cousin.她不是我表姐。
- They aren't from Peru.他们不是秘鲁人。
- He's not the manager.他不是经理。
- We aren't brothers.我们不是兄弟。
状态和感受
- I'm not worried.我不担心。
- You aren't wrong.你没错。
- The soup isn't hot.汤不烫。
- They're not angry.他们没生气。
- It isn't easy.这不容易。
地点
- We aren't in the office.我们不在办公室。
- My keys aren't in my bag.我的钥匙不在包里。
- The bank isn't far.银行不远。
- I'm not on the bus.我不在公交车上。
- Mario isn't here today.马里奥今天不在这里。
年龄、时间、天气和价格
- He isn't twenty.他不是二十岁。
- It isn't cold today.今天不冷。
- It's not five o'clock yet.还没到五点。
- The tickets aren't expensive.票不贵。
- I'm not in a hurry.我不着急。
17 秒学会 to be 的否定形式
一张画着叉的便签概括了核心:否定。三个句子,三个时刻;选一个重复播放。
包含字幕。注意口语中 isn't 和 aren't 的发音。
阅读文字稿
- 要构成 to be 的否定形式,在动词后面加上 not。
- I am not tired. I'm not tired.
- 用于他、她或一件事物:
- She isn't at home.
- 用于多个人:
- They aren't late.
- 用 to be 时,不需要 do 或 does。
用 to be 表示否定时的典型错误
I amn't ready.
I'm not ready.
I 唯一的缩写是 I'm not。
She not is at home.
She isn't at home.
Not 放在动词后面,不是前面。
I don't be tired.
I'm not tired.
to be 构成否定不需要 do。
He doesn't is my teacher.
He isn't my teacher.
Doesn't 和 is 绝不组合使用。
I'm no hungry.
I'm not hungry.
英语用 not 表示否定,不用 no。
She'sn't ready.
She isn't ready.
只缩写一次:she isn't 或 she's not。
练习:把 not 放到正确的位置
点击 not 应该放的位置。回答后你会看到完整句子及其缩写。提示:先找到 am、is 或 are。
我不饿。
Iamhungry.
I 只有一种缩写:I'm not。
我姐姐不在上班。
Mysisterisatwork.
主语有两个词,但 not 永远放在 is 后面。
汤姆和露西不在厨房。
TomandLucyareinthekitchen.
复数主语搭配 are:缩写是 aren't。
这个练习不太难。
Thisexerciseisverydifficult.
像 very 这样的副词放在 not 后面。
你今天没迟到。
Youarelatetoday.
you 有两种有效缩写:you aren't 和 you're not。
商店周日不开门。
TheshopsareopenonSundays.
中文说“不开门”,英语用的是 to be open:aren't open。
想要更多句子?学习路线的最后一站有to be 否定练习,整体概览请见to be 动词完整指南。
关于 to be 动词否定形式的常见问题
to be 动词的否定形式怎么构成?
在 am、is 或 are 后面加 not:I am not、she is not、we are not。口语中使用缩写 I'm not、she isn't 和 we aren't。
为什么没有 «amn't»?
标准英语不用它。I 的否定缩写是 I'm not。在否定疑问句中用 aren't I?:I'm late, aren't I?。
isn't 和 's not 有什么区别?
意思相同,两者都正确:She isn't ready 和 She's not ready。's not 的形式稍微更强调否定,在口语中非常常见。
ain't 是什么意思?
Ain't 是一种口语形式,代替 am not、isn't 或 aren't(也代替 haven't 和 hasn't)。你会在歌曲和电影里听到它,但它不算标准英语:在考试和正式文本中要避免。
可以说 «I don't be» 吗?
不可以。to be 动词构成否定时不用 do:是 I'm not tired,而不是 I don't be tired。只有在祈使句中才出现 don't be:Don't be late(别迟到)。
用 to be 动词怎么回答“不”?
用 No + 主语 + am、is 或 are + not,通常缩写:Are you busy? No, I'm not。Is it far? No, it isn't。回答里的动词和问句一致。