英语中的介词

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本文将介绍英语介词,什么是介词,有哪些类型,以及它们的用途。我们还将展示最常见的用法,列出最常用的英语介词,配以示例和练习以巩固所学内容。千万不要错过!

什么是介词,以及英语中有哪些类型

介词是帮助连接两个句子片段以提供语法意义的词语。英语中有大量介词,但其含义和在句中的位置取决于该介词是否表示地点、时间、运动或位置。

示例:

  • Marianne is at the bank。(Marianne在银行。)
  • Put the groceries in the pantry。(把杂货放进储藏室。)

正如我们之前提到的,英语中主要有四种介词类型

英语介词视频

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英语中最常用的介词

正如你所知,学习英语最好的方法是通过例子来更好地内化概念。

因此,我们为你准备了一张表格,列出了英语中最常用的介词、它们的中文对应及实用的示例句子。

介词 中文含义 示例
Above 在上方,超过

The flowers are above the table. 

(花在桌子上方)

Below 在下方,低于

My favourite neighbour lives just one floor below me.

(我最喜欢的邻居住我楼下一个楼层)

Behind 在后面

Be careful, there’s a really big mosquito behind you. 

(小心,后面有一只非常大的蚊子)

Between 在…之间

Keep it between us, but this is the best ice cream I have ever tasted!

(这事保密,但这是我吃过最好的冰淇淋!)

Opposite 在对面

I live opposite the ATM.

(我住在自动取款机对面)

By 在旁边,靠近

I want you by my side whenever I’m sad. 

(我伤心时想让你在我身边)

In front of 在…前面

They opened a new coffee shop just in front of the gym. 

(他们就在健身房前面开了一家咖啡店)

Next to 靠近,挨着

I’m sitting next to my best friend in class

(我坐在班上最好的朋友旁边)

Under 在…下面

I think he’s hiding under the kitchen’s table

(我觉得他藏在厨房的桌子下)

Over 在…之上

I went over the exam one last time this morning.

(今天早上我最后复习了一遍考试)

Into 进入,向内

When I was young, I fell into the pool. 

(小时候我掉进了游泳池)

Out of 离开,耗尽

I ran out of eggs yesterday and I couldn’t make a Spanish omelette. 

(我昨天鸡蛋用完了,没法做西班牙煎蛋卷)

Across 穿过,对面

I live really close to my auntie, she’s just across the street

(我住得离阿姨很近,她就在街对面)

Along 沿着

I love taking a walk along the seashore.

(我喜欢沿着海岸散步)

Through 穿过,通过

You and I met through Carlos, he introduced us. 

(你和我通过Carlos认识,他介绍了我们)

From… to 从……到……

If you want to go from Barcelona to New York, you have to take a plane. 

(如果你想从巴塞罗那去纽约,必须坐飞机)

介词 示例
Above

The flowers are above the table. 

(花在桌子上方)

Below

My favourite neighbour lives just one floor below me.

(我最喜欢的邻居住我楼下一个楼层)

Behind

Be careful, there’s a really big mosquito behind you. 

(小心,后面有一只非常大的蚊子)

Between

Keep it between us, but this is the best icecream I have ever tasted!

(这事保密,但这是我吃过最好的冰淇淋!)

Opposite

I live opposite the ATM.

(我住在自动取款机对面)

By

I want you by my side whenever I’m sad. 

(我伤心时想让你在我身边)

In front of

They opened a new coffee shop just in front of the gym. 

(他们就在健身房前面开了一家咖啡店)

Next to

I’m sitting next to my best friend in class

(我坐在班上最好的朋友旁边)

Under

I think he’s hiding under the kitchen’s table

(我觉得他藏在厨房的桌子下)

Over

I went over the exam one last time this morning.

(今天早上我最后复习了一遍考试)

Into

When I was young, I fell into the pool. 

(小时候我掉进了游泳池)

Out of

I ran out of eggs yesterday and I couldn’t make a spanish omelette. 

(我昨天鸡蛋用完了,没法做西班牙煎蛋卷)

Across

I live really close to my auntie, she’s just across the street

(我住得离阿姨很近,她就在街对面)

Along

I love taking a walk along the seashore.

(我喜欢沿着海岸散步)

Through

You and I met through Carlos, he introduced us. 

(你和我通过Carlos认识,他介绍了我们)

From… to

If you want to go from Barcelona to New York, you have to take a plane. 

(如果你想从巴塞罗那去纽约,必须坐飞机)

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英语中的介词

英语介词类型

英语时间介词

英语中的时间介词帮助我们定义动作发生或事件进行的时间点。让我们看看最常用的时间介词。

介词

含义

About

大约,左右

After

在……之后

Around

大约,左右

Before

在……之前

Beyond

超过,越过

By

截止,到……时

During

在……期间

For

为了,在……期间

Over

在……期间

Past

超过,过去

Since

自从

Throughout

贯穿,整个……期间

To

到,向

Until

直到

Within

在……之内

示例:
  • I will be arriving in about five minutes.(我大约五分钟后到达)
  • The next episode will begin after the credits.(下一集将在片尾字幕后开始)
  • Let’s have a cup of coffee before we leave. (我们离开前喝杯咖啡吧)
  • We won’t accept any more applications beyond midnight. (午夜过后不再接受申请)
  • The restaurant will have the order ready by two pm.(餐厅会在下午两点前准备好订单)
  • I have to turn off my phone during classes. (上课期间我必须关手机)
  • You must get ready for tonight.(你必须为今晚做好准备)
  • They have been together over the past three years. (他们已经在一起超过三年了)
  • Sergei has been in recovery for the past month. (Sergei过去一个月一直在康复)
  • Since the surgery, Jenna has lost 40 pounds. (自从手术后,Jenna减了40磅)
  • My son grew nine inches throughout his teen years.(我儿子在青少年期间长高了九英寸)
  • Two hours to the show. (离演出还有两小时)
  • Brady has to wait until his parents come pick him up.(Brady得等父母来接他)
  • You have to reach a decision within the next couple of days. (你得在接下来几天内做出决定)

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地点介词

英语中的地点介词告诉我们动作发生或事件发生的位置。下面是英语中最常用的地点介词表。

介词

含义

Above

在……上方

Across

穿过

After

在……之后,随后

Along

沿着

Among

在……之中

Around

在……周围

Before

在……前面,之前

Behind

在……后面

Below  

在……下面

Beside

在……旁边

Between

在……之间

Beyond

超出,在……之外

By

在……旁边

Close to

靠近

In front of

在……前面

Inside

在……里面

Near

靠近

Next to

在……旁边

On top of

在……上面

Outside

在……外面

Throughout

遍及,贯穿

Underneath

在……底下

Upon

在……之上

Within

在……之内

示例:
  • Carla is above me at the company. (Carla在公司职位上高于我)
  • David was waiting across the street。(David在街对面等着)
  • The children have band practice after school.(孩子们放学后有乐队练习)
  • There are a lot of restaurants along this street.(这条街上有很多餐馆)
  • I spotted the planet Venus among all the stars。(我在所有星星中看到了金星)
  • Lila practiced riding her bike around the block.(Lila在街区周围练习骑车)
  • The university programmed the event before classes. (大学在上课前安排了活动)
  • He was behind me on the line.(他排在我后面)
  • They keep the candy below the counter。(他们把糖果放在柜台下)
  • You have to stand beside him at the ceremony.(你得在典礼上站在他旁边)
  • Jane has to choose between chocolate and vanilla cake.(Jane得在巧克力蛋糕和香草蛋糕间选择)
  • You have to go beyond being a simple employee。(你要超越普通员工的角色)
  • Look at the vase by the window.(看看窗边的花瓶)
  • We live close to the school. (我们住得离学校很近)
  • The car is parked in front of the building。(车停在楼前)
  • Don’t look inside the box, it’s a surprise.(别看盒子里,那个是惊喜)
  • Don’t go near the pond。(别靠近池塘)
  • The library is next to the bookstore。(图书馆在书店旁边)
  • Put the book on top of the shelf.(把书放在架子上面)
  • Cats shouldn’t be outside the house。(猫不应该在屋外)
  • I’ve been feeling sick throughout the week.(我一周都感觉不舒服)
  • Carl is hiding underneath the covers。(Carl藏在被子下面)
  • The world doesn’t rest upon your shoulders.(世界不会负担在你肩上)
  • That is not within our reach.(那不在我们的能力范围内)

英语时间介词

英语中的时间介词帮助我们定义动作发生或事件进行的时间点。让我们看看最常用的时间介词。

介词

含义

About

大约,左右

After

在……之后

Around

大约,左右

Before

在……之前

Beyond

超过,越过

By

截止,到……时

During

在……期间

For

为了,在……期间

Over

在……期间

Past

超过,过去

Since

自从

Throughout

贯穿,整个……期间

To

到,向

Until

直到

Within

在……之内

示例:
  • I will be arriving in about five minutes.(我大约五分钟后到达)
  • The next episode will begin after the credits.(下一集将在片尾字幕后开始)
  • Let’s have a cup of coffee before we leave. (我们离开前喝杯咖啡吧)
  • We won’t accept any more applications beyond midnight. (午夜过后不再接受申请)
  • The restaurant will have the order ready by two pm.(餐厅会在下午两点前准备好订单)
  • I have to turn off my phone during classes. (上课期间我必须关手机)
  • You must get ready for tonight.(你必须为今晚做好准备)
  • They have been together over the past three years. (他们已经在一起超过三年了)
  • Sergei has been in recovery for the past month. (Sergei过去一个月一直在康复)
  • Since the surgery, Jenna has lost 40 pounds. (自从手术后,Jenna减了40磅)
  • My son grew nine inches throughout his teen years.(我儿子在青少年期间长高了九英寸)
  • Two hours to the show. (离演出还有两小时)
  • Brady has to wait until his parents come pick him up.(Brady得等父母来接他)
  • You have to reach a decision within the next couple of days. (你得在接下来几天内做出决定)

你知道你的英语水平吗? 现在做一个测试。

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英语中的介词

运动介词

英语中的运动介词帮助我们表达物体相对于主语或另一个参照点的移动方向。以下是最常见的英语运动介词。

介词

含义

Across 

穿过

Along

沿着

Around

环绕

Away from

远离

Down

向下

From

Into

进入

Off

离开

Out of

离开,走出

Over

越过,在……上方

Past

经过,超过

Through

通过

To

向,至

Towards

朝,向

Under

在……下面

Up

向上

示例:
  • We have to walk across the field. (我们必须穿过这片田野)
  • Paul walks the dogs along the stone pathway.(Paul沿着石头小路遛狗)
  • The house is just around the corner. (房子就在拐角处)
  • George is contagious, so you have to stay away from him. (George有传染性,你得远离他)
  • My boyfriend lives down the street. (我男朋友住在街下方)
  • The view is amazing from this window. (这个窗户的景色很棒)
  • The firemen rushed into the burning building. (消防员冲进燃烧的建筑物)
  • Call me as soon as you get off the plane.(你一出飞机就给我打电话)
  • The dog jumped onto the bed. (狗跳上了床)
  • Toby ran out of the house as soon as he saw his dad.(Toby一看到他爸爸就跑出房子)
  • That rock flew right over my head! (那块石头刚好飞过我的头顶!)
  • Linda’s house is that one, past the coffee shop. (Linda的房子就在咖啡店那边)
  • The new route, through the tunnel, saves you one hour. (这条通过隧道的新路线为你节省了一小时)
  • Mona is coming to my house this afternoon. (Mona今天下午要来我家)
  • This route goes straight towards the ocean. (这条路线直通海洋)
  • The old pipe runs under the entire first floor. (旧管道贯穿整个一楼)
  • The elevator is going up. (电梯正在上升)

介词 in on at

介词 in、on 和 at, 即位置介词,用于指示物体、地点或人的位置,具体依据我们强调的准确程度。这些介词包括:

介词 含义
In 在(某个具体区域内)
At 在(某个具体点)
On 在……表面上
示例:
  • My sister lives in Washington D.C. (我妹妹住在华盛顿特区)
  • Sandra is at work at the moment. (Sandra现在正在工作)
  • They decided to meet on the corner of 27th and third. (他们决定在第27街和第三街的转角见面)

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英语介词练习

请在下面的句子中选择合适的介词,使句意通顺。

  1. I am currently living ________ my parent’s house.
  2. The cake will be ready ________ time for the party.
  3. We have to read _______ French Revolution.
  4. My dad is on his way home ________ the hospital.
  5. The man was ________ my age.
  6. Are we going out ________ work?
  7. Shawn and I have been best friends _________ first grade.
  8. Please take a seat, we are ________ to begin.
  9. The rules say no food _________ class.
  10. We have been studying Cubism _________ the last few sessions.

答案:

  1. at.
  2. in.
  3. about.
  4. from.
  5. about.
  6. after.
  7. since.
  8. about.
  9. during.
  10. over.